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Why did the Vikings sail to England? Were they indiscriminate raiders, motivated solely by bloodlust and plunder? One narrative, the stereotypical one, might have it so. But locked away in the buried history of the British Isles are other, far richer and more nuanced, stories; and these hidden tales paint a picture very different from the ferocious pillagers of popular repute. Eleanor Parker here unlocks secrets that point to more complex motivations within the marauding army that in the late ninth century voyaged to the shores of eastern England in its sleek, dragon-prowed longships. Exploring legends from forgotten medieval texts, and across the varied Anglo-Saxon regions, she depicts Vikings who came not just to raid but also to settle personal feuds, intervene in English politics and find a place to call home. Native tales reveal the links to famous Vikings like Ragnar Lothbrok and his sons; Cnut; and Havelok the Dane. Each myth shows how the legacy of the newcomers can still be traced in landscape, place-names and local history. This book uncovers the remarkable degree to which England is Viking to its core.

Vikings --- Vikings --- Civilization, Viking --- History --- Great Britain --- History

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Thraldom, the old Scandinavian word for slavery, is an elusive phenomenon characterized by different conditions of dependencies and with fluid transitions between being free and unfree; a person could be at once socially respected but still unfree; you could voluntarily go into a slavery; you could be sentenced to time-limit slavery for a criminal offence; you could give away your child to become a slave, but you could also buy yourself out of slavery. Hence, slavery was not a black-and-white social phenomenon. You could be a chattel thrall, living in the barn with the cows, but also a legally unfree steward, living on and running the king's estate. In this study all conceivable source materials are analyzed, such as archaeology, runic inscriptions, Icelandic sagas, early law, place names, personal names and not least etymological and semantic analyses of the terminology of slaves. Slavery was widespread all over Europe during the Early Middle Ages, and it seems the Scandinavians became a major player in the north European slave trade. However, the hypothesis is that the Scandinavian Vikings were not particularly interested in taking slaves to Scandinavia, instead their 'business model' seems to have been to raid, abduct and then sell of captured people at major slave markets. Their quest was not people, but silver. Scandinavian slavery eventually was abandoned, a process which is very obscure, and seems to have disappeared in society in the beginning of the fourteenth century.

Slavery --- Vikings --- History --- Social life and customs

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The Viking Age (c. 750-1050 AD) is conventionally seen as a tumultuous time when hordes of fierce warriors from Scandinavia wreaked havoc across the European continent and when Norse merchants travelled to distant corners of the world in pursuit of slaves, silver, and exotic commodities. Until relatively recently, archaeologists and textual scholars had the tendency to weave a largely male-dominated image of this pivotal period in world history, dismissing or substantially downplaying women's roles in Norse society. Today, however, there is ample evidence to suggest that many of the most spectacular achievements of Viking Age Scandinavians - for instance in craftsmanship, exploration, cross-cultural trade, warfare and other spheres of life - would not have been possible without the active involvement of women. Extant textual sources as well as the perpetually expanding corpus of archaeological evidence thus demonstrate unequivocally that both within the walls of the household and in the wider public arena women’s voices were heard, respected and followed.This pioneering and beautifully illustrated monograph provides an in-depth exploration of women's associations with the martial sphere of life in the Viking Age. The multifarious motivations and circumstances that led women to engage in armed conflict or other activities whereby weapons served as potent symbols of prestige and empowerment are illuminated and interpreted through an interdisciplinary approach to medieval literature and archaeological evidence from Scandinavia and the wider Viking world. Additional cross-cultural excursions into the lives and legends of female warriors in other past and present cultural milieus - from the Asiatic steppes to the savannas of Africa and European battlefields – lead to a nuanced understanding of the idea of the armed woman and its embodiments in Norse literature, myth and archaeological reality.

Women, Viking --- Women --- Weapons --- Vikings --- Northmen --- Arms and armor --- Weaponry --- Weapons, Primitive --- Implements, utensils, etc. --- Tools --- Armor --- Human females --- Wimmin --- Woman --- Womon --- Womyn --- Females --- Human beings --- Femininity --- Viking women --- History --- Scandinavia --- Antiquities. --- Femmes vikings --- Femmes --- Vikings. --- Weapons. --- Women, Viking. --- Histoire. --- Histoire --- Middle Ages. --- History. --- To 1500. --- Scandinavia. --- Scandinavie --- Antiquités.

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Volcanoes in Old Norse Mythology details how Viking Age Icelanders, migrating from Scandinavia to a new and volcanically active environment, used Old Norse mythology to understand and negotiate the hazards of the island. These pre-Christian myths recorded in medieval Iceland expound an indigenous Icelandic theory on volcanism that revolves around the activities of supernatural beings, such as the fire-demon Surtr and the gods Odin and Thor. Before the Icelanders were introduced to Christianity and its teachings, they formulated an indigenous theory of volcanism on basis of their traditional mythology much like other indigenous peoples across the world.

Volcanoes --- History --- Volcanos --- Landforms --- Volcanology --- Edda. --- Iceland. --- Old Norse. --- Vikings. --- eco-humanism. --- geo-mythology. --- indigenous studies. --- mythology. --- volcanism. --- Volcanoes. --- SOCIAL SCIENCE / Folklore & Mythology --- History. --- Aisland --- Aisland ka Fasojamana --- Aisurando --- Cynewīse Īslandes --- Eisland --- Gweriniaeth Gwlad yr Iâ --- Gwlad yr Iâ --- Ísland --- Islanda --- Islande --- Islandi --- Islandia --- Islandii︠a︡ --- İslandiya --- Islandska --- Islandya --- Islandyi︠a︡ --- Islėnd --- Iylanda --- Lýðveldið Ísland --- Peng-tē --- Peng-tē Kiōng-hô-kok --- Republic of Iceland --- Rèpublica d'Islande --- Republica Islanda --- Republiek van Ysland --- Republik Island --- Republika Islandii︠a︡ --- Rėspublika Islandyi︠a︡ --- Tin Bikéyah --- Tin Kéyah --- Ysland --- Рэспубліка Ісландыя --- Република Исландия --- Исланд --- Исланди --- Исландия --- Ислэнд --- Ісландыя --- アイスランド

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To the ancient Greeks, democracy meant gathering in public and debating laws set by a randomly selected assembly of several hundred citizens. To the Icelandic Vikings, democracy meant meeting every summer in a field to discuss issues until consensus was reached. Our contemporary representative democracies are very different. Modern parliaments are gated and guarded, and it seems as if only certain people - with the right suit, accent, wealth, and connections - are welcome. Diagnosing what is wrong with representative government and aiming to recover some of the lost openness of ancient democracies, this book presents a new paradigm of democracy in which power is genuinely accessible to ordinary citizens.

Political systems --- démocratie participative --- représentation politique --- Deliberative democracy --- Representative government and representation --- Political participation --- BPB2104 --- #SBIB:324H50 --- Discursive democracy --- Democracy --- Citizen participation --- Community action --- Community involvement --- Community participation --- Involvement, Community --- Mass political behavior --- Participation, Citizen --- Participation, Community --- Participation, Political --- Political activity --- Political behavior --- Political rights --- Social participation --- Political activists --- Politics, Practical --- Parliamentary government --- Political representation --- Representation --- Self-government --- Constitutional history --- Constitutional law --- Political science --- Elections --- Republics --- Suffrage --- politické zastoupení --- reprezentacja polityczna --- politikai képviselet --- politisk representation --- poliitiline esindus --- politiskā pārstāvība --- reprezentare politică --- politinis atstovavimas --- politisk repræsentation --- politično predstavništvo --- political representation --- πολιτική εκπροσώπηση --- representación política --- политичко заступање --- политичка застапеност --- politická reprezentace --- përfaqësim politik --- ionadaíocht pholaitiúil --- politieke vertegenwoordiging --- politická reprezentácia --- politische Vertretung --- rappreżentanza politika --- representação política --- poliittinen edustus --- rappresentanza politica --- политическо представяне --- političko zastupanje --- participative democracy --- δημοκρατική συμμετοχή --- demokratische Partizipation --- demokratisk deltagelse --- demokratická participácia --- demokraatlik osalus --- demokratinis dalyvavimas --- parteċipazzjoni demokratika --- participation démocratique --- uczestnictwo w demokracji --- sudionička demokracija --- participación democrática --- demokratikus részvétel --- osallistuva demokratia --- pjesëmarrje demokratike --- демократско учество --- demokratična udeležba --- demokrātiskā līdzdalība --- democratic participation --- demokratische Mitbestimmung --- participare democratică --- democratische participatie --- demokratiskt deltagande --- participação democrática --- részvételen alapuló demokrácia --- демократско учешће --- demokratická účast --- partecipazione democratica --- учествувачка демократија --- deltagelsesdemokrati --- osallistava demokratia --- partizipative Demokratie --- democrație participativă --- democrazia partecipativa --- participativní demokracie --- συμμετοχική δημοκρατία --- deltagandedemokrati --- osalusdemokraatia --- demokrazija parteċipattiva --- demokraci pjesëmarrëse --- participatieve democratie --- līdzdalības demokrātija --- dalyvaujamoji demokratija --- részvételi demokrácia --- daonlathas rannpháirtíochta --- партиципативна демократија --- партиципативна демокрация --- participatívna demokracia --- democracia participativa --- participatory democracy --- demokracja uczestnicząca --- participativna demokracija --- Politieke participatie en legitimiteit (referenda, directe democratie, publieke opinie...) --- DELIBERATIVE DEMOCRACY -- 323.22 --- CASESTUDIES -- 323.22 --- ICELAND -- 323.22 --- CASE STUDIES -- 321.7 --- représentation politique --- démocratie participative --- Deliberative democracy. --- Representative government and representation. --- Political participation. --- Deliberative democracy - Iceland - Case studies. --- 1944 constitution. --- Citizen Convention on Climate Change. --- Democracy When the People Are Thinking. --- Democracy and Knowledge. --- France. --- Great National Debate. --- Iceland. --- Icelandic constitutional process. --- James Fishkin. --- Josiah Ober. --- Lisa Disch. --- Mass and Elite in Democratic Athens. --- Michael Saward. --- Nathan Heller. --- Rousseau. --- The New Yorker. --- The Representative Claim. --- Vikings. --- citizen assemblies. --- classical Athens. --- climate change. --- constitution. --- crisis of democracy. --- crowdsourcing. --- deliberation. --- deliberative democracy. --- democracy. --- democratic crisis. --- democratic institutions. --- democratic representation. --- democraticity. --- direct democracy. --- dynamic inclusiveness. --- electoral paradigm. --- electoral representation. --- exclusionary biases. --- illiberalism. --- inductive political theory. --- legitimacy. --- liquid representation. --- lottocratic representation. --- majoritarianism. --- majority rule. --- oligarchic biases. --- oligarchy. --- open mini-public. --- participation rights. --- participatory democracy. --- polity. --- random selection. --- referendums. --- representation. --- representative democracy. --- representativeness. --- self-appointment. --- self-selected representation. --- sortition. --- substantive equality. --- transparency. --- vote delegation.